J Clin Psychiatry 79 Garrison KA, Yip SW, Balodis IM, Carroll KM, Potenza MN, Krishnan-Sarin S (2017) Reward-related frontostriatal activity and smoking behavior among adolescents in treatment for smoking cessation
Concerns have been raised primarily because nicotine crosses the placental barrier and accumulates in the fetus 16 , and animal studies have shown that maternal nicotine use has adverse effects on the newborn 17
To examine how smokers characteristics influence DRS preferences (RQ5), the following equation included interaction terms between ASC and sociodemographic factors (gender, age, education, and annual household income), as well as behavioral, attitudinal, and awareness variables (cigarette consumption, littering frequency, inferred valuation of littering frequency, eco-guilt, and knowledge about CBs)
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model 2: OR = 1.44 [1.121.83]