This is why a 'nicotine test' may actually be a 'cotinine test' or even a test for anabasine (a tobacco-specific alkaloid not present in nicotine replacement products)
Both acetaldehyde and formaldehyde cause irritation of the skin, eyes, throat, mucus membranes, and respiratory tract
Common withdrawal symptoms include: Physical: Sweating, shaking, nausea, headaches, muscle aches Mental: Anxiety, depression, irritability, trouble concentrating Sleep: Insomnia, nightmares, fatigue Severe: Seizures, hallucinations, delirium tremens (for alcohol) Most withdrawal symptoms are temporary and manageable with proper support, though some can be dangerous without medical help
The "Delta Queen."
Cullen, K.A., et al., Notes from the field: use of electronic cigarettes and any tobacco product among middle and high school studentsUnited States, 20112018