If you are a legal age adult (18+) smoker looking to replace cigarettes, here are some helpful things about cigarette alternatives
All of those stats are really scary, and the risks drop off substantially once you get to zero cigarettes but even one a day is a significant risk. So while technically, smoking fewer cigarettes less often is potentially less harmful than smoking, for example, a pack a day, theres no amount of cigarettes you can safely smoke
Various compounds in e-cigarettes, such as nicotine and flavoring agents, cause epithelial damage, affect tight junctions and adhesive junctions of epithelial cells, and compromise the integrity of the airway epithelial barrier [42]
The researchers were then able to quantify exactly how fast smoking mutates cells by correlating the number of mutations with self-reported smoking habits
It's important to note that the effects of smoking on hormonal balance are complex and can vary among individuals