The difference between the effects of both QIs on the cell viability ( Figure 2 ) and caspase 3 activation ( Figure 4 ) suggests that upon GSH depletion, the decrease in cell viability is not only apoptosis dependent but also most likely depends other cell death pathways, such as necrosis ( IC 50 values of QIs under GSH-depleted conditions were around 20 M ( Figure 2 ), which is higher than the plasma concentrations of AQ and DEAQ found in patients, normally in nanomolar to micromolar ranges (Laurent et al., 1993
GM1 belongs to a class of compounds called gangliosides, which are present on cell membranes of certain neurons and modulate cell signaling functions
Abstract Thyroid hormones and essential elements iodine (I), selenium (Se), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), etc
& Krishnamurthy, K
Atherosclerosis 350 , 9096 (2022)