Vitamin D has been found to significantly increase gene expression and protein levels of cathelicidin, an antimicrobial peptide, in airway cell lines, immune cells, and primary airway epithelial cells (bronchial and tracheobronchial) [26,27,28,29,30,31,32]
Therefore, the debate about GLP-1 RAs in the perioperative period will probably continue until the next studies are available (Fig
In this way, it does not directly lighten the skin but through an indirect mechanism
Cardiometabolic benefits, such as better blood pressure and cholesterol, can also fade over time once treatment is stopped Lingering side effects Side effects do not vanish immediately
The drug must appear on the FDA's shortage list or not be a copy of a commercially available product for certain compounding pathways