Raya, Effect of silymarin on kidneys of rats suffering from alloxan-induced diabetes mellitus, Phytomedicine , vol
The Stanford PNAS study noted striking sex-specific differences in this regard, finding that male ME/CFS and Long COVID patients exhibited pronounced mitochondrial lipid oxidative damage mediated by a failure in Glutathione Peroxidase 4 pathways
1 However, despite its inconclusive safety and efficacy, glutathione is widely used as an antioxidant and skin lightening agent, particularly in countries like Singapore, Thailand, Malaysia, and Indonesia
A selenium supplement seems to be an excellent answer to both Graves disease (autoimmune hyperthyroidism) and Hashimotos disease (autoimmune hypothyroidism)
The authors concluded that glutathione, with or without vitamin C and NAC, was well tolerated but did not produce measurable therapeutic benefit in this cohort (Williams et al., 2025)