Nevertheless, the serum and CSF levels of oxidative markers, such as nitric oxide (NO) and malondialdehyde (MDA), are increased in these individuals
Takeuchi, Y., Nakayama, Y., Fukusaki, E
The other interpretation is that morphine causes persistent signaling that contributes to secondary adaptations involved in tolerance in vivo, whereas endocytosis terminates persistent signaling, limiting downstream counter-adaptations and tolerance
Homocysteine levels: Should be 1,000 (which is technically high by lab reference ranges)
These discrepancies may be explained in part by the fact that while in most systems versions of CSD mimic the effects of endogenous CAV-1, in some systems they act as competitors of the activity of endogenous CAV-1 31,32,34,35,36