At the 1985 International Nutrition Academic Conference in Chicago, L-carnitine was designated as a "multifunctional nutritional product"
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As an extension of the above, the brains high metabolic rate and oxygen consumption make it vulnerable to oxidative stress, which can lead to aging and neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimers and Parkinsons Disease
doi: 10.1111/nure.12012 Summary Keywords amino acid metabolism, diabetic kidney disease, functional foods, gut microbiota, gut-liver-kidney axis, medicine food homology, natural bioactive compounds, uremic toxins Citation Sun L, Sun G, Nan Y, Wang H, Sun Y, Shi Y, Yang Y and Wang Q (2026) Gut microbiota-liver-kidney axis in diabetic kidney disease: mechanistic insights into amino acid metabolism and nutritional intervention strategies targeting natural bioactive compounds