What does vitamin C do in the body
That means conclusions about people cannot be drawn from animal data, and any claims of proven human benefit would be getting ahead of the science
Since the developing nervous system and its critical processes rely heavily on the ATP produced by OXPHOS in the mitochondria, the immature brain is critically vulnerable to faults in energy supply [34, 35]
Abbreviations 1 O 2 : Singlet oxygen ADP: Adenosine diphosphate AOX: Alternative oxidase APX: Ascorbate peroxidase Asc: Ascorbate ATP: Adenosine triphosphate cat : Catalase knockout CAT: Catalase chl- E : GSH Chl-roGFP oxidation state chl-roGFP2: Chloroplast targeted roGFP CLSM: Confocal-laser scanning microscopy cry: Cryptochrome DTT: Dithiotreitol E : h Reduction potential ER: Endoplasmic reticulum FIN219: Far-Red Insensitive 219 FIP1: FIN219-interacting protein 1 GGT-1: Gamma-glutamyl transferase/transpeptidase 1 ggt : GGT-1 knockout GR: Glutathione reductase GSH: Reduced glutathione GSHS: Glutathione synthetase GSSG: Oxidized glutathione (= glutathione disulfide) GSSG/GSH: Reduction state of glutathione GT: Glutathione transferase H 2 O 2 : Hydrogen peroxide HPLC: High performance liquid chromatography HyPer2: Fluorescent H 2 O 2 biosensor IgG: Immunoglobulin G immunolabeling: Total glutathione localization by use of a specific antibody LEDs: Light-emitting diodes mbrB: Monobromobimane mchlB: Monochlorobimane NADP + : Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate NADPH: Reduced form of NADP + NEM: N-ethylmaleimide O 2 : Superoxide radicals pad : Phytoalexin deficient phyA: Phytochrome A PS II: Photosystem II roGFP: Redox-sensitive green fluorescence protein ROS: Reactive oxygen species SOD: Superoxide dismutase TEM: Transmission electron microscope Total glutathione: Sum of reduced (GSH) and oxidized (GSSG) glutathione, detected via immuno-labeling vtc : Vitamin C1 gene -EC: -Glutamylcysteine -ECS: -Glutamylcysteine synthetase References Appolloni E, Pennisi G, Zauli I, Carotti L, Paucek I, Quaini S, Orsini F, Gianquinto G (2022) Beyond vegetables: effects of indoor LED light on specialized metabolite biosynthesis in medicinal and aromatic plants, edible flowers, and microgreens
supplements: The AI (adequate intake) of choline is set at 550 mg/day for men and 425-450/day for women (higher for pregnancy)
