glp-1 trade names What Are Medications? GLP-1 agonists reduce substance use

PMC 3934721

The present study emulated a target trial to avoid immortal time and selection bias, chose a second-line glucose-lowering therapy as an active comparator to reduce confounding by indication, used an outcome definition based only on primary care records to minimize detection bias due to differential hospitalizations, and implemented a lag time to mitigate bias due to reverse causality

doi:10.1007/s12178-025-09971-w Phillips AR, Haneberg EC, Boden SA, Yanke AB, Cole BJ

PMID 923580

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