mtDNA plays an essential role in the regulation and maintenance of mitochondrial function, and the interactions between nuclear DNA and mtDNA work together to maintain mitochondrial function [32, 33]
Phosphorylation of Akt at both Thr308 and Ser473 leads to full activation of Akt, thereby regulating glucose metabolism, protein synthesis, cell proliferation, survival, and apoptosis through multiple targets [46]
HPA axis dysregulation due to increased IL-6 can lead to changes in cortisol levels, further exacerbating depressive symptoms [12]
Curcumin can be extracted using thin-layer chromatography (TLC) on the extraction mixture, a traditional analytical method (54, 62)
The microneedles on the Aquagold device are designed to penetrate just beneath the skins surface, delivering treatment into the upper dermis where collagen and elastin are produced