The research record is based on animal models and mechanistic reasoning
Ultimately, both GL and GA and their metabolites are primarily eliminated via bile and feces, with only a small fraction excreted in urine (Figure 2) ( 3 Core pharmacological mechanisms of glycyrrhizin in the liver GA exerts hepatoprotective effects through multiple pathways and targets, forming a synergistic network that includes anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, liver-protecting, and immunomodulatory actions (Xie et al., 2015) (Table 2
All procedures were carried out according to the Human Care Guidelines of the Ethical Committee of Nanjing Medical University
Molecular mechanisms of cell proliferation induced by low power laser irradiation
8, 9 Although molecules critical to this type of mucosal neutrophil recruitment are well known (e.g., the pleiotropic cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6) and chemokine CXCL1), 10 the signals critical to initiating and regulating these innate processes are poorly understood