First-in-human clinical trials, also known as FIH trials, are studies during which a drug is administered to humans for the first time after its testing in in vitro and in vivo preclinical, experimental models
In models stimulated by the inflammatory cytokine IL-1, PBM significantly suppressed the expression of key matrix-degrading enzymes (such as ADAMTS5 and MMP-13) and the pro-inflammatory factor TNF- (44)
Similar findings were reported in a 2025 real-world analysis of over ten thousand patients: tirzepatide lowered HbA1c by 1.3% and body weight by 10.2 kg, compared with 0.9% and 6.1 kg with semaglutide after 12 months [7]
Dietary modifications are often the most effective first-line approach: Eat smaller, more frequent meals rather than large portions, as this reduces the burden on delayed gastric emptying Avoid high-fat foods , which are slower to digest and may exacerbate feelings of fullness and discomfort Reduce intake of spicy, acidic, or heavily seasoned foods that may irritate the gastrointestinal tract Limit carbonated beverages , which can increase bloating and abdominal distension Eat slowly and chew thoroughly to aid digestion and reduce the volume of air swallowed Stay well hydrated , particularly if experiencing diarrhoea, but avoid drinking large volumes with meals Timing considerations can also help
A good approach: use shakes to fill gaps when food isn't working, not as the primary source
