Indeed, one of the assertions in support of this premise derives from the study of oxidative stress related to genotoxicity, recently published by Green [35]
Nobody has published human pharmacokinetics showing what happens to the copper after a subcutaneous GHK-Cu injection: how much dissociates locally, how much reaches the liver, whether repeated administration accumulates, what happens to ceruloplasmin and serum copper over weeks
However, the leading theory behind PD pathogenesis is the accumulation of alpha-synuclein aggregates within cells, which trigger neuroinflammation and neuronal apoptosis (Kim et al., 2019)
The relationship between serum total testosterone and free testosterone levels with serum hemoglobin and hematocrit levels: a study in 1221 men
Sublingual preparations are available, though evidence for their superiority over standard oral tablets is limited, and they are not routinely recommended in UK clinical practice