The disruption of redox balance also inhibits crucial functions such as the dual oxidase-based antimicrobial system (DUOX) and ATP synthesis ( Figure 2 2.1 Disruption of airway epithelial cells functions The pulmonary epithelium serves as the first line of defense against inhaled pathogens and harmful particles, acting as a physical barrier, and an integral part of the innate immune system ( 2.1.1 Disruption of the airway mucociliary function One critical consequence of pyocyanin-induced ROS production is the disruption of ciliary function in respiratory epithelial cells ( P
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of Servings per Container: 30 * %RDA calculated based on ICMR 2020 guidelines for adults (18 years & above)
Fungus, such as Candida species, may appear as distinct forms like yeasts or hyphal structures, while bacteria can show up as clusters or individual organisms depending on the type
Funding: These investigations were partially supported by grants from Secretaria de Estado da Sade do Paran, Araucaria Foundation, Fundao de Amparo Pesquisa do Estado de So Paulo (FAPESP) and Alves de Queiroz Family Fund for Research