Polyethylene glycol (PEG) is one of the rare synthetic polymers approved by the FDA for in vivo injection, which has low relative molecular weight polydispersity, good aqueous phase and organic solubility, and is widely used in the modification of protein drugs
Regarding participant characteristics, the majority of studies enrolled overweight or obese adults with type 2 diabetes, or those receiving glucose-lowering treatments such as metformin, SGLT2 inhibitors, DPP-4 inhibitors, or insulin
It specifically binds to C5, preventing its cleavage into C5a and C5b and blocking the formation of the terminal complement complex C5b-9
However, a trial in 216 healthy women (25-50 years old) found little benefit of a multivitamin/mineral supplement
Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition , 54 , 11581166