The per member per month (PMPM) cost has increased exponentially, forcing many to implement cost controls
And access remains limited by cost, insurance coverage, surgical capacity
doi: 10.3389/fmolb.2025.1724944 Received 14 October 2025 Revised 18 November 2025 Accepted 30 November 2025 Published 18 December 2025 Volume 12 - 2025 Edited by Maria Barile, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Italy Reviewed by Anna Maria Giudetti, University of Salento, Italy Maria Tolomeo, National Research Council (CNR), Italy Updates Copyright 2025 Schrder, Jalilvand, Kahl, Kaiser and Liebau
However, using compounded products as a replacement can be risky
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