Vitamin E is one of the main radical scavengers of the cell membrane as it blocks and/or reverts lipid peroxidation, by reacting with, and reducing peroxyl radicals (Sies and Stahl, 1995
Phosphatidylserine Phosphatidylserine (PS) is a naturally occurring phospholipid that supports cognitive function and is particularly known for its role in cell membrane integrity in the brain
Besides, UV light prompts the reduction of intracellular Fe 3+ to Fe 2+ , a catalyst for the Fenton reaction, which generates hydroxyl radicals (OH) from H 2 O 2 substrates and subsequently attacks the lipids of the cell membrane and initiates lipid peroxidation
Safety & Tolerability Well tolerated in animal research
Figure 4 and Figure 5, for quercetin, show the biochemical mechanism of FR uptake according to the thesis proposed by Perez de la Lastra et al., 2022 [66]