At normal blood glucose levels, up to 97% of glucose filtered by the glomeruli is reabsorbed by sodium-dependent glucose transporter-2 (SGLT2) in the initial segment of the tubule, and only 3% of the remaining glucose is reabsorbed by sodium-dependent glucose transporter-1 (SGLT1) in the later segment of the proximal tubule ( In summary, hyperglycemia induces renal tubules metabolic disturbances, hypoxia, oxidative stress, EMT, and programmed cell death which facilitate renal tubular injury and renal fibrogenesis
otherwise 80,-
Semenistaya E, Zvereva I, Thomas A, Thevis M, Krotov G, Rodchenkov G
While this regulatory mechanism serves to dampen excessive inflammation, it also negatively impacts the hosts antifungal immunity, highlighting the delicate balance between immune regulation and effective pathogen defense
This dual functionality establishes it as a complex yet promising target for cancer treatment (216)