Three pathways nuclear factor B (NF-B), NODlike receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome, and Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2-Related Factor 2 (Nrf2) are particularly critical in mediating 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 s immunomodulatory effects: 4.1 NF-B signaling pathway The 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 -VDR complex upregulates Inhibitor of Kappa B Alpha (IB) protein levels, stabilizing this inhibitor and preventing nuclear translocation of NF-B subunits (p50, p65), thereby suppressing transcription of pro-inflammatory genes including IL-1, IL-6, and TNF- ( Figure 2A )
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Reconstitution Handling: When preparing the sample for laboratory equipment or assays, introduce sterile bacteriostatic water gently along the inside wall of the glass vial
(2025, February 18)
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