For example, it increases the number of B cells [118] and decreases chronically elevated pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-6, through estrogen supplementation [119]
The bell-curve dose-response means starting low and titrating to the individual response is more important than with other peptides
For all three of these investigations, the primary concern was whether or not GLP-1s were associated with increased levels of adverse psychiatric events, particularly with risk of suicide or self-harm
There is some evidence suggesting that weight cycling has no effect on the risk of type 2 diabetes [49], and there is no conclusive evidence that previous weight cycling affects body composition or predisposition to obesity
The findings deliver early evidence that semaglutide may offer a dual benefit, targeting obesity and key reproductive challenges associated with the condition, including irregular menstruation and impaired fertility. Clare Thompson, MBBS, BSc, nMRCGP Separately, a review of five randomized controlled trials presented at ENDO 2026 found that GLP-1 drugs, such as semaglutide and liraglutide, do not appear to harm male fertility and may even improve testosterone levels and sperm quality in some men with obesity
