For inflammatory bowel disease, mesalamine, corticosteroids, immunomodulators (azathioprine, methotrexate), and biologics (infliximab, adalimumab, vedolizumab, ustekinumab) all have Level 1 evidence from Phase III trials with thousands of patients
Special Populations Post-Bariatric Surgery Patients : Individuals who have undergone bariatric surgery, such as Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, are at a higher risk of vitamin B12 deficiency due to malabsorption
GLP-1 receptor activation influences many of these pathways
Concerns about GLP-1 drug interactions are rising as these therapies gain widespread use in diabetes and obesity management
CBT (cognitive behavioral therapy) helps individuals develop coping strategies for anxiety and panic symptoms