Peptide or compound Primary category What researchers study Status context Semaglutide GLP-1 / metabolic Appetite, glucose, and cardiometabolic signaling FDA-approved products exist for specific indications Tirzepatide GIP/GLP-1 / metabolic Appetite, glucose, and metabolic signaling FDA-approved products exist for specific indications Retatrutide Triple agonist / metabolic GLP-1, GIP, and glucagon receptor signaling Investigational BPC-157 Tissue-repair research Gastrointestinal, tendon, and angiogenesis pathways Research-only
GIPR activation potentiates insulin secretion, may improve fat distribution, and enhances central appetite regulation through mechanisms complementary to GLP-1R signaling
Vitamin C enhances glutathione absorption and helps recycle glutathione in the body
Inhibitors of GH signal transduction pathways (post-receptor) Given that GH activates JAK-STAT, PI3K/AKT/mTOR and MAPK signaling, agents which target components of these signaling pathways would be expected to modulate pathway-specific GH effects
Polack G, McCray V, Tyner T, Kane S, Vu K, Yamaguchi K Jr, Merriman J, Ishimoto M, Hasson A, Sian K, Yamaguchi KT